Royal Exchange

Names

  • Royal Exchange
  • Brittaine Burse
  • the Royal Exchange
  • the Exchange
  • the Change

Street/Area/District

  • Cornhill

Maps & Views

Descriptions

from A Dictionary of London, by Henry Harben (1918)

Royal Exchange

Between Cornhill South and Threadneedle Street north, in Broad Street and Cornhill Wards (P.O. Directory).

The first building was erected in 1566 and opened 1570 (S. 202). For the convenience of merchants and bankers.

Destroyed in the Fire and rebuilt and enlarged (Strype, ed. 1720, I. ii. 149 and 150).

Destroyed again 1838 and rebuilt 1844. Architect, Sir Wm. Tite.

When the first building was erected several alleys, viz. Swan Alley, New Alley, St. Christopher's Alley, and Walkeden's Alley, and in all some 80 houses, were purchased by the City and the ground when cleared was given to Sir Thomas Gresham for the erection of the Burse (See Gent. Mag. Lib. XV. 336) and (S. 193–4).

In the subsequent rebuildings Castle Alley and Bank Street were eventually removed for the enlargement of the building.

The site on which the Burse was first erected is fully described in the Great Book of Accounts of the parish of St. Michael Cornhill (Overall, pp. 213 and 214).

The length in Cornhill is 161 ft. 6 in. the length in Broad Street 198 ft. 6 in. the breadth at late Swann Alley, from Cornhill to Broad Street, 188 ft.; the breadth at late Newe Alley gate, from Cornhill to Broad Street, 149 ft. 6 in. (ib.).

The eastern end is occupied by Lloyds.

The Burse was erected through the exertions of Sir Thomas Gresham, whose father had laboured for many years unsuccessfully in the same cause. It was greatly needed for the meetings of the merchants who had frequently assembled in the open street in Lombard Street to transact business.

Considerable difficulty was experienced in deciding upon a site, as the merchants were unanimous in their determination to remain in Lombard Street.

When at length the difficulties were overcome the building was designed and erected on the model of the Burse at Antwerp, and was named the Royal Exchange by Queen Elizabeth upon the occasion of her first visit in 1570–1. Called "Brittaine Burse" in 1613 (H. MSS. Com. Ancaster MSS. p. 370).

There is an interesting account of the foundation and erection of the Royal Exchange in Gent. Mag. Lib. XV. pp. 333–42.

The sub-soil here to the depth of 19 ft. was composed of animal and vegetable matter, and at the depth of 19 ft. there was a layer of gravel and a pit excavated 50 ft. by 34 ft. for the supply of the gravel (Arch. XXIX. 267, et seq.). Roman coins were found of Domitian, Vespasian and Severus (R. Smith, 12, 132, 142), and remains of Roman pavements here and in Finch Lane.

from Lockie's Topography of London, by John Lockie (1810)

Royal-Exchange,—on the N. side, entrance op. 23, and at the S.E. corner of the Bank of England.

from A Topographical Dictionary of London and Its Environs, by James Elmes (1831)

Royal Exchange, Cornhill, is on the south-east corner of the Bank of England. This fine public building was founded by Sir Thomas Gresham, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and was first opened in November, 1567. It was originally called the Bourse, but on the visit of the Queen and her court to the city, on the 23rd of January, 1570, when her Majesty dined with Sir Thomas at his mansion, in Bishopsgate-street, she caused it to be proclaimed by a herald and trumpet as "The Royal Exchange."

Sir Thomas Gresham bequeathed it at his death to his widow, and after her decease to the Mayor and Citizens of London, and to the Mercers' Company; directing the rents to support lectures on the sciences. This building was destroyed by the great fire of 1666, and was rebuilt nearly upon its former plan, by Sir Christopher Wren. Mr. Brayley, in his account of this edifice, in Britton's Public Edifices of London, (page 290,) says that Mr. Edward Jerman was its architect. My opinion is still that Wren was the architect, and Mr. Edward Jerman, who, I believe, was surveyor to the city, overlooked the works. The tower, I have reason to think, was Hawksmoors.

The new exchange was quickly rebuilt, with statues of the Kings, and of Sir Thomas Gresham, as formerly, at an expense of nearly £100,000. It was opened to the public on the 28th of September, 1669, only three years after its destruction.

On the day appointed for the opening the Royal Exchange, a committee of citizens and merchants assembled to meet the King, (Charles II.) who was expected to have performed the ceremony in person. His Majesty, however, did not come, but the Lord Mayor, Sir William Turner, perambulated its arcades twice, accompanied by the aldermen, the other city authorities, and the committee, and congratulated the congregated assemblage of merchants on having their Exchange again. Its destruction and re-erection were thus recorded by one of the philos of the day.

"Hoc Greshamii peristylium,
Gentiis commerciis sacrum,
Flammia extinctum, 1666,
Augustius è cinere resurrexit 1669.
Willielmo Turnero, Milite Prætore.

It has been recently most substantially repaired, and a new clock tower, erected from the designs, and under the superintendence of George Smith, Esq., architect to the Mercers' Company, at the joint expense of the Corporation of London and the Mercers' Company.

The present Gresham Committee is the Lord Mayor, and Aldermen Thompson, Farebrother, and Winchester, Deputy Oldham, Deputy Blacket, Deputy Carter, and Messrs. Butterworth, Shearman, Smith, Howell and Cawthorn, members of the Common Council.

The present Gresham Professors are, the Rev. Henry Parker, M.A., Divinity; the Rev. Wm. Jocelyn Palmer, M.A., Civil Law; the Rev. Peter Sandiford, D.D., Astronomy; Richard J.S. Stevens, Music; the Rev. Samuel Birch, D.D., Geometry; the Rev. Edward Owen, M.A., Rhetoric; Christopher Stanger, M.D., Physic.

from London Past and Present: Its History, Associations, and Traditions, by Henry Benjamin Wheatley and Peter Cunningham (1891)

Royal Exchange (The), a quadrangle and colonnade (the third building of the kind on the same site), erected for the convenience of merchants and bankers, built from the designs of Mr. (afterwards Sir William) Tite. The first stone was laid by Prince Albert, January 17, 1842, and the building was opened with great pomp by Her Majesty in person on October 28, 1844. The cost of the structure, with its sculpture, was about £150,000. Of the exterior the chief feature is the noble portico at the west end, the most imposing in its proportions and dignity of effect in the metropolis. It is octostyle (having eight Corinthian columns) with intercolumns, and the pediment is filled with emblematic sculpture in high relief by Richard Westmacott, R.A. (the younger). The portico is 96 feet wide and 74 feet high to the apex of the pediment. The columns are 4 feet 2 inches in diameter and 41 high, including the base and capital. The extreme length of the building is 308 feet. The east end is 175 feet wide, or 56 feet wider than the west end, a peculiarity which certainly adds picturesqueness to its effect when looked at from the west. The eastern entrance is marked by four Corinthian columns, from which rises a clock-tower, 170 feet high, surmounted by the Gresham grasshopper. The sides have ranges of Corinthian pilasters, between which are shops, originally deeply recessed under rusticated arches; but the shop fronts have been brought forward, much to the detriment of the architectural effect. The inner quadrangle, or merchants' area, is an open area 111 feet long and 53 feet wide, surrounded by an arcade about 30 feet deep. This was formerly open to the sky, but after many years of consideration it was covered about 1880 by a glass and iron roof, from the designs of Mr. Charles Barry, architect. In the centre is a marble statue small in size and insignificant in character of the Queen, by Lough; statues of Sir Thomas Gresham, Sir Hugh Myddelton, Sir Richard Whittington, and Queen Elizabeth, by Messrs. Behnes, Joseph, Carew, and Watson. The western part of the building is appropriated to the Royal Exchange Assurance Company; the eastern end to Lloyds. [See Lloyds.] The two great days on 'Change are Tuesday and Friday, and the busy period from half-past three to half-past four P.M. The Rothschilds, the greatest people on 'Change, occupy a pillar on the south side of the Exchange. In the open space before the west front of the Royal Exchange is a colossal equestrian statue of the Duke of Wellington by Sir Francis Chantrey.

The first Royal Exchange was founded by Sir Thomas Gresham; the first stone was laid June 7, 1566, and the building opened by Queen Elizabeth in person, January 23, 1570-1571.

The Queen's Majesty, attended with her nobility, came from her house at the Strand called Somerset House, and entered the city by Temple Bar, through Fleet Street, Cheap, and so by the north side of the burse, through Threedneedle Street, to Sir Thomas Gresham's house in Bishopsgate Street, where she dined. After dinner her Majesty, returning through Cornhill, entered the burse on the south side; and after that she had viewed every part thereof above the ground, especially the pawn, which was richly furnished with all sorts of the finest wares in the city, she caused the same burse, by a herald and trumpet, to be proclaimed "The Royal Exchange," and so to be called from thenceforth, and not otherwise.—Stow.
After the Royal Exchange, which is now [1631] called the Eye of London, had been builded two or three years, it stood in a manner empty; and a little before her Majesty was to come thither to view the beauty thereof, and to give it a name, Sir Thomas Gresham, in his own person, went, twice in one day, round about the upper pawn, and besought those few shopkeepers then present that they would furnish and adorn with wares and wax-lights as many shops as they either could or would, and they should have all those shops so furnished rent free that year, which otherwise at that time was 40s. a shop by the year; and within two years after he raised that rent unto four marks a year; and within a while after that he raised his rent of every shop unto £4 : 10s. a year, and then all shops were well furnished according to that time; for then the milliners or haberdashers in that place sold mouse-traps, bird-cages, shoeing-horns, lanthorns, and Jews' trumps, etc. There were also at that time that kept shops in the upper pawn of the Royal Exchange, armourers that sold both old and new armour, apothecaries, booksellers, goldsmiths, and glass-sellers, although now [1631] it is as plenteously stored with all kinds of rich wares and fine commodities as any particular place in Europe, into which place many foreign princes daily send to be best served of the best sort.—Howes, ed. 1631, p. 869.

The materials for the construction of the Exchange were brought from Flanders, or, as Holinshed has it, Gresham "bargained for the whole mould and substance of his workmanship in Flanders," and a Flemish builder of the name of Henryke was employed.1

October 26, 1570.—Sir Thomas Gresham to Cecil. Requests a special license for a ship to go to Flanders with alabaster, as he had a special license for transportation of his stores from Antwerp to his Burse.—Cal. Eliz., p. 394.

In general design the Exchange was not unlike the Burse at Antwerp a quadrangle, with a cloister running round the interior of the building, a corridor or "pawn"2 above, and attics or bedrooms at the top.

Just. Phew! excuses! You must to the Pawn to buy lawn; to St. Martin's for lace, etc.—Westward Ho! (1607), vol. ii. p. 1.

On the south or Cornhill front was a bell-tower, and on the north a lofty Corinthian column, each surmounted by a grasshopper the crest of the Greshams. The bell, in Gresham's time, was rung at twelve at noon and at six in the evening.3 In niches within the quadrangle, and immediately above the cloister or covered walk, stood the statues of our kings and queens, from Edward the Confessor to Queen Elizabeth. James I., Charles I., and Charles II. were afterwards added. Charles I.'s statue was thrown down immediately after his execution, and on the pedestal these words were inscribed in gilt letters, Exit tyrannus Regum ultimus—"The tyrant is gone, the last of the Kings." Hume concludes his History of Charles I. with this little anecdote of City disaffection, which no doubt was in Addison's mind when he made his Tory fox-hunter satisfied that the London merchants had not turned republicans "when he spied the statue of King Charles II. standing up in the middle of the crowd, and most of the Kings in Baker's Chronicle ranged in order over their heads."4 According to the valuation made at Gresham's death—

The Royal Exchange with all Howses, Buildings, Pawnes, Vawtes, and Proffittes thereof, amounte to the clere yearely vallew of £751 : 5s. per ann. over all chardges and reprises.5

Of this, the first or Gresham's Exchange, there are two curious contemporary views in the library of the Society of Antiquaries at Burlington House. A still more interesting view, representing a full Exchange—High 'Change, as Addison calls it—was made in 1644 by Wenceslaus Hollar. It is true to Dekker's description of the Exchange in 1607. "At every turn," says Dekker, "a man is put in mind of Babel, there is such a confusion of languages." Hollar has given the picturesque dresses of the foreign merchants. There was then no necessity for printed boards to point out the particular localities set apart for different countries. The merchants of Amsterdam and Antwerp, of Hamburgh, Paris, Venice, and Vienna, were unmistakably distinguished by the dresses of their respective nations. The places of business were at this time distinguished by signs. On January 11, 1635, Cromwell addressed a letter ("Oliver's first extant letter," as Carlyle notes6) "To my very loving friend Mr. Storie, at the Sign of the Dog in the Royal Exchange, London."

Gresham's Exchange was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666. Pepys describes its appearance as "a sad sight, nothing standing there of all the statues or pillars, but Sir Thomas Gresham in the corner." When the Royal Exchange was destroyed a second time by fire (January 10, 1838), the statue of Sir Thomas Gresham escaped again uninjured.

The second Exchange was designed by Edward Jarman or Jerman, the City surveyor. This also, like the Exchange of Gresham, was a quadrangular building, with a clock-tower of timber on the south or Cornhill front; its inner cloister, or walk; its pawn above, for the sale of fancy goods, gloves, ribbons, ruffs, bands, stomachers, etc;7 and its series of statues (placed in niches as before) of our kings and queens, from Edward I. downwards, carved for the most part by Caius Gabriel Cibber, father of Colley. Later were added the first two Georges by Rysbrack, the third George by Wilton, and George IV. Gresham's statue was by Edward Pierce, and the statue of Charles II., in the centre of the quadrangle, by Grinling Gibbons.8 Jarman's Exchange, which is said to have cost £58,962, was destroyed by fire, January 10, 1838.

In excavating for the new Royal Exchange the workmen came upon a remarkable hole measuring 50 feet by 34, which had apparently been a gravel pit in the time of the Romans, but closed and built over some time before they left the island. Numerous Roman remains, fragments of pottery, knives, combs, sandals, and other articles of domestic and personal use were found in it, apparently thrown there when worn out or broken. These were carefully collected by Mr. Tite (who drew up and printed an elaborate Descriptive Catalogue of them), and are now in the City Museum, Guildhall.


1 Burgon's Life of Gresham, vol. ii. p. 115.
2 Bahn (German), Baan (Dutch), a path or walk. These were divided into stalls, and formed a kind of bazaar. In 1712 there were 160 stalls let at a yearly rent of £20 and £30 each (Burgon, vol. ii. p. 513). These were all vacant in 1739, when Maitland published his History of London (Maitland, p. 467).
3 Burgon, vol. ii. p. 345.
4 Freeholder, June 1, 1716.
5 Strype, Second App., p. 6.
6 Carlyle's Cromwell, vol. i. p. 129.
7 See the Fair Maid of the Exchange, by T. Heywood, 4to, 1607.
8 Gibbons received £500 for it. See Wright's Publick Transactions, 12mo, 1685, p. 198.

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  • Chandler, Thomas Bradbury. A friendly address to all reasonable Americans, on the subject of our political confusions: in which the necessary consequences of violently opposing the King's troops, and of a general non-importation, are fairly stated. London]: New-York, printed: London, reprinted for Richardson and Urquhart, at the Royal-Exchange, 1774. ESTC No. T96710. Grub Street ID 316160.
  • Cheselden, William. The anatomy of the human body. By William Cheselden, Surgeon to Her Majesty, F. R. S. And Surgeon to St. Thomas's-Hospital. The fourth edition. With the addition of an appendix, which also is printed separately for the use of those who have the former editions.. London: printed by W. Bowyer: and sold by J. and J. Knapton, A. Bettesworth, J. Osborn and Tho. Longman, J. Noon, and J. Clark, at the Royal-Exchange, MDCCXXX. [1730]. ESTC No. T121169. Grub Street ID 172021.
  • Chesterfield, Philip Dormer Stanhope. Lord Chesterfield's Advice to his son, on men and manners: or, a new system of education, In Which The Principles Of Politeness, The Art Of Acquiring A Knowledge Of The World, With Every Instruction Necessary To Form A Man Of Honour, Virtue, Taste, And Fashion, Are Laid Down In A Plain, Easy, & Familiar Manner. The second edition. To which is now added, the Marchioness de Lambert's Advice to her son.. London: printed for Richardson and Urquhart, at the Royal-Exchange, MDCCLXXV. [1775]. ESTC No. T123912. Grub Street ID 174215.
  • Chesterfield, Philip Dormer Stanhope. Lord Chesterfield's advice to his son on men and manners: in which the principles of politeness, and the art of acquiring a knowledge of the world, are laid down in a plain, easy, & familiar manner; and illustrated by notes from ``galateo,'' a celebrated Italian treatise on politeness and delicacy of manners. To which are added, extracts from various books, recommended by Lord Chesterfield; Lord Burghley's ten precepts to his son, and Dr. Franklin's way to wealth. [The fifth edition, with additions].. London: printed for W. Richardson, at the Royal-Exchange, MDCCLXXXVIII. [1788]. ESTC No. T154675. Grub Street ID 198732.
  • Le Clerc, Jean. Reflections upon what the world commonly call good-luck and ill-luck, With Regard to lotteries. And of the Good Use which may be made of them. Translated from the French, of the Ingenious Mons. Le Clerc. London: printed for C. Henderson, at the Royal-Exchange, M.DCC.LVIII. [1758]. ESTC No. T54202. Grub Street ID 281070.
  • Cowper, William. An account of the work of grace upon the soul of the Right Reverend father in God, William Cowper, formerly Lord Bishop of Galloway. With some relation of the success and opposition his lordship met with in the work of the ministry. Written by his own pen, in the year 1616. London: printed and sold by E. Cook, at the Royal Exchange, 1766. ESTC No. T69840. Grub Street ID 293718.
  • Curate of London.. A short preservative against the doctrines reviv'd by Mr. Whitefield and his adherents. Being a supplement to the Bp. of London's late pastoral letter. By a curate of London. London: printed, and sold by H. Whitridge, at the Royal Exchange, [1739]. ESTC No. T86046. Grub Street ID 306308.
  • Dolman, John. The substance of a sermon delivered at the new meeting-house, in Black's-Fields, Southwark, June the 13th, 1762, on account of the death of that great Man of God the Revd. Mr. Thomas Jones, Late Chaplain of St. Saviour's, Southwark, Who departed this Life June 6, 1762. And who, in much Weakness of Body, and great Opposition from the World, lived and died a faithful Minister of Christ. By John Dolman. Published at the Request of many who heard it. London: printed for E. Cooke, at the Royal Exchange, M.DCC.LXII. [1762]. ESTC No. N26078. Grub Street ID 15447.
  • Ellis, Thomas, gardener. The gardener's pocket-calendar, containing the most approved methods of cultivating the useful and ornamental plants for the kitchen-garden, flower-garden, and flowering-shrubs; Arranged In Alphabetical Order. To which are added, directions of what is necessary to be done in every month of the year By Thomas Ellis, Gardener to the Lord Bishop of Lincoln. London: printed for Richardson and Urquhart, at the Royal-Exchange, MDCCLXXVI. [1776]. ESTC No. N18197. Grub Street ID 7672.
  • Flower, Henry. Observations on the gout and rheumatism. Exhibiting instances of persons who were greatly relieved in the fit of the gout; and of others who were cured of the Gout in the Head, Stomach, and Bowels; of obstinate Rheumatisms; and of the Swellings, Stiffness, and Contractions of the Limbs, after irregular or long-continued Fits of the Gout: by medicines discovered in America. With a short account of some medicines, and ways of curing diseases, used by the native Indians. To which are added, a few remarkable cases of other Diseases. Humbly Inscribed to the College of Physicians By Henry Flower, an American. New Things do I declare: before they spring forth. I tell you of them. Isaiah. London: printed for E. Cooke, at the Royal Exchange, MDCCLXVI. [1766]. ESTC No. N10160. Grub Street ID 171.
  • Grattan, Henry. The speech (at length) of the Honourable Henry Grattan, in the Irish House of Commons, against the union with Great Britain. London: Printed by A. Paris, Rolls' buildings, for J.S. Jordan, No. 166, Fleet-Street; and sold by J. Smith, James-street, Covent-garden; and by all the booksellers at the Royal Exchange, 1800. ESTC No. T49609. Grub Street ID 277389.
  • Grove, Joseph. The history of the life and times of Cardinal Wolsey, prime minister to King Henry Viii. I. Of his Birth, and the various Steps he took to attain Preferment, connected with Affairs, both Foreign and Domestick, from the Death of Edward IV. to the End of the Reign of Henry Vii. II. Of his Conduct and Management while Prime Minister, commencing with the Reign of Henry Viii. and continued by way of Annals to his Disgrace and Death, including the general Transactions of Europe. III. Memoirs of the Emperor Charles V. Henry Viii. and Francis I. from the Demise of the Cardinal, to their respective Deaths. IV. The Secret History of the Cardinal, by George Cavendish, Esq; his Gentleman-Usher, written in the Reign of Philip and Mary. In which are interspersed The Lives and memorable Actions of the most eminent Persons: And the whole illustrated with Political and Moral Reflections. Collected from Antient Records, Manuscripts, and Historians. Adorn'd with cuts, and a compleat index. By Joseph Grove,. The second edition, ... London: printed for J. Wood, at the Royal-Exchange, MDCCXLVIII. [1748]. ESTC No. N8931. Grub Street ID 53840.
  • Hales, Charles. A letter addressed to Caesar Hawkins, Esq; Serjeant Surgeon to His Majesty, containing new thoughts and observations, in the cure of the venereal disease; the result of experience, in long and extensive practice. ... By Charles Hales, . London: printed and sold by J. Dixwell; also sold by J. Almon; J. Williams; and the pamphlet shops at the Royal Exchange, [1770?]. ESTC No. T155024. Grub Street ID 198919.
  • Hope, George. Truth transcending human reason: or, the intellectual harmony clearly exhibited; know thy self. Being an alarm to deists, priests, and people, and a trial of spirits; demonstrating clearly the proof of the Trinity to be in every man: And also What the Sin and Blasphemy against the Holy Ghost is, and by whom committed in this present Age. Like wise A Hint proposed to prevent Robberies, Thefts, and Murthers, &c. Fit for all Capacities to read and practise. By Geo. Hope, Gent. London: printed for E. Comyns, at the Royal-Exchange, M.DCC.LV. [1755]. ESTC No. T72973. Grub Street ID 296328.
  • Hughes, Michael, of London, volunteer. A plain narrative or journal of the late rebellion, begun in 1745: describing its progress in Scotland, and England, till the full and glorious Defeat at Culloden. Dedicated to the Lord-Mayor, Aldermen, and Citizens of London. By Michael Hughes, A Voluntier from the said City; Educated in the Bluecoat Hospital. London: printed for Henry Whitridge, at the Royal-Exchange, [1746]. ESTC No. T45736. Grub Street ID 273952.
  • Hughes, Michael, of London, volunteer. A plain narrative and authentic journal of the late rebellion, begun in 1745: describing its progress in Scotland, and England, till the full and glorious defeat at Culloden. By Michael Hughes, A Voluntier from the City of London. The second edition.. London: printed for Henry Whitridge at the Royal Exchange, [1747]. ESTC No. T55102. Grub Street ID 281710.
  • J. S. G, last Commandant of Commenda.. Detector detected: or, State of affairs on the Gold Coast, and conduct of the present managers consider'd. With a comparison of the trade in the late company's time, and benefits since received by the open plan for extending the same. Wrote on the coast, By J.S.G. last commandant of commenda, under the Royal African Company. London: Printed for the author; and sold by W. Owen, at Homer's-Head near Temple-Bar, and by the booksellers at the Royal-Exchange, 1753. ESTC No. T31742. Grub Street ID 262534.
  • Liby, W. Merlinus democritus; or, The merry-conceited prognosticator: containing, a general judgment of the state of Great Brittain, France, and Ireland; and the great change and revolu[t]ion that will happen in the year of our Lord, 1655. Namely, the turning round of the wheel of fortune, and the calculating of every thing in its own proper center, the setting up of heaven vice-gerent, and the administering of truth in the equal scale of justice, the purging of the Commonwealth from caterpillars, the discarding of knaves, and the putting of honest men in their places, the reclaiming of lawyers from taking of fees, and an antidote prescribed for brokers and usurers, to cleer them of their extortionable malady of shaking whole lordships into a consumption. With the great and ominous eclipses that will be this year visible in our horizon, and the effects thereof. By W Liby, student in Astrologie. London: printed for G. Horton, and are to be sold at the Royal Exchange, 1656. ESTC No. R210188. Grub Street ID 86391.
  • Man of Kent.. Letters to a prince, from a man of Kent. London: printed for W. Richardson, at the Royal Exchange, MDCCLXXXIX. [1789]. ESTC No. T78621. Grub Street ID 300400.
  • Massie, J. An essay on the many advantages accruing to the community, from the superior neatness, conveniencies, decorations and embellishments of great and capital cities. Particularly apply'd to the city and suburbs of London, Renowned Capital of the British Empire. Addressed to Sir John Barnard, Knt. Alderman, and Senior Representative in Parliament of the said City. London: printed for Henry Whitridge, at the Royal-Exchange, 1754. ESTC No. N37432. Grub Street ID 25386.
  • Mitchell. The totness address, versified. To which is annex'd, the original address, as presented to His Majesty. London: printed [by Samuel Richardson] for H. Whitridge, at the Royal-Exchange, M.DCC.XXVII. [1727]. ESTC No. N13710. Grub Street ID 3611.
  • Moir, (John). J. Obedience the best charter; or, Law the only sanction of liberty. In a letter to the Rev. Dr. Price. London: printed for Richardson and Urquhart, at the Royal-Exchange, 1776. ESTC No. T12692. Grub Street ID 176782.
  • Morrice, Bezaleel. To the falsely celebrated British Homer. An epistle. London: Printed for the author: and sold by the booksellers of London and Westminster; and the pamphlet shops, at the Royal-Exchange, 1742. ESTC No. T198991. Grub Street ID 231346.
  • Nicholls, Benjamin. The false claims to martyrdom consider'd. A Sermon Preached at St. Anne's Church, Manchester, Nov. 2, 1746. Being the Sunday after All-Saints Day. By Benj. Nichols, M.A. Assistant-Curate of the said Church, and Chaplain to the Right Honourable the Earl of Uxbridge. London: printed for Henry Whitridge, at the Royal-Exchange, 1746. ESTC No. T35266. Grub Street ID 265422.
  • Othello.. Strictures on the slave trade, and their manner of treatment in the West-India islands: in a letter to the Right Hon. William Pitt, in opposition to the exertions now making in the House of Commons, for an abolition thereof, by Mr. Wilberforce. By a gentleman, who resided more than twenty years in Jamaica. London: printed for W. Richardson, at the Royal Exchange, M.DCC.XC. [1790]. ESTC No. N23403. Grub Street ID 12764.
  • Patching, Resta. Four topographical letters, Written in July 1755, Upon a Journey thro' Bedfordshire, Northamptonshire, Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire, Warwickshire, &c. From a gentleman of London, to his brother and sister in Town: giving a Description Of the Country thro' which he pass'd; with observations On every Thing that occurred to him, either Curious or Remarkable. Newcastle upon Tyne: printed by I. Thompson and Company; and sold by E. Comyns and H. Cooke, at the Royal Exchange, London 1757. ESTC No. T63417. Grub Street ID 288677.
  • Paul, John. The parish officer's complete guide. Containing the duty of the churchwarden, overseer, constable, and surveyor of the highways, as Settled by the Act of Parliament Passed Last Sessions. The Whole Laid Down in an Easy, Concise, and Familiar Manner; and Cleared from the Technical Terms of the Law. As well as the Inaccuracies of Former Publications of the Like Kind. By John Paul, Esq. Barrister at Law. The third edition, with considerable additions and improvements.. London: printed by W. Strahan and M. Woodfall, Law Printers to his Majesty; for W. Richardson and L. Urquhart, at the Royal Exchange, [1776]. ESTC No. T68105. Grub Street ID 292432.
  • Pratt. Observations on the Night thoughts of Dr. Young; with occasional remarks on the beauties of poetical composition. By Courtney Melmoth. London: printed for Richardson and Urquhart, At The Royal Exchange, M.DCC.LXXVI. [1776]. ESTC No. T124430. Grub Street ID 174644.
  • Publicus.. A free address to the author of the Essays on the characteristics. In answer to his Letter to the Rev. Dr. Lowth. London: printed for Messrs. Richardson and Urquhart, at the Royal-Exchange, [1766?]. ESTC No. T99623. Grub Street ID 318721.
  • Scott, Daniel. An essay towards a demonstration of the Scripture-Trinity. By the late learned Dr. Daniel Scott, Author of the Appendix to H. Stephens Greek Lexicon, in 2 Vols. Folio. The third edition. To which is prefixed some account of the author. Sherborne: printed by R. Goadby, and sold by Goadby and Berry, Stationers, at the Royal-Exchange, London, [1775?]. ESTC No. T80313. Grub Street ID 301427.
  • Seabury, Samuel. Free thoughts on the proceedings of the Continental Congress, held at Philadelphia, Sept. 5, 1774: wherein their errors are exhibited, their reasonings confuted, and the Fatal Tendency of their Non-Importation, Non-Exportation, and Non-Consumption Measures, are laid open to the plainest Understandings; and The only means pointed out for Preserving and Securing our present Happy Constitution: In a letter to the farmers, and other inhabitants of North America in general, and to those of the Province of New-York in particular. By a farmer. London]: New-York, printed: London reprinted for Richardson and Urquhart, at the Royal Exchange, 1775. ESTC No. T40187. Grub Street ID 269297.
  • Shebbeare, John. A fourth letter to the people of England. On the conduct of the M-rs in alliances, fleets, and armies, since the first differences on the Ohio, to the taking of Minorca by the French. London: printed for M. Collier, Bookseller at the Royal Exchange, MDCCLVI. [1756]. ESTC No. N18703. Grub Street ID 8173.
  • Shebbeare, John. A prophetic fragment of a future chronicle. By the author of the Four letters to the people of England. London: printed for M. Collier, Bookseller at the Royal-Exchange, 1756. ESTC No. N46022. Grub Street ID 30892.
  • Shebbeare, John. A fourth letter to the people of England. On the conduct of the m-rs, in Alliances, Fleets, and Armies, since the first differences on the Ohio, to the taking of Minorca by the French. To which are added, numbers Lii and Liii of the Monitor, applicable to the letter. London: printed for M. Collier, Bookseller at the Royal-Exchange, [1756]. ESTC No. N7013. Grub Street ID 50858.
  • South Sea Company.. The schemes of the South-Sea Company and the Bank of England, as propos'd to the Parliament for the reducing of the national debts. London: printed for W. Castle, at the Royal Exchange, MDCCXX. [1720]. ESTC No. T12335. Grub Street ID 173836.
  • La Touche, Madame.. The appeal of Madame La T---- to the publick. Being a short account of her life and amours. Written by herself. London: printed for T. Paris, at the Royal-Exchange, 1741. ESTC No. T187806. Grub Street ID 223694.
  • Wilson, John, of Breedon, Leicestershire. The Kings Majesties last propositions to his subjects of England, concerning all his liege people within these bleeding and distracted kingdoms. And his gracious missage to both houses, delivered in the Presence Chamber to Sir Peter Killegrey, to be communicated to the Lords and Commons assembled at Westminister, being joyful tydings for the citizen of London. Also joyfull news from the sea, and the design of the water men to fight for King Charles. VVith exceeding good news from Kent. [London]: Printed for G.R. and are to be sold at the Royal Exchange, 1648. ESTC No. R186633. Grub Street ID 75217.
  • Zahorowski, Hieronim. Secreta monita Societatis Jesu. = The secret instructions of the Jesuits. The third edition.. London: printed for J. W. and sold by H. Whitridge, at the Royal Exchange, 1759. ESTC No. T223124. Grub Street ID 245821.